Income Tax Calculator

Calculate your 2025 federal income tax liability, effective tax rate, and estimate your tax refund or amount owed. Supports 2023-2025 tax years with official IRS rates.

Try Example Scenario:

Filing Information

Filing Status

Tax Year

Income Information

Gross Annual Income ($)

Other Income ($)

Deductions

Deduction Type

Withholding & Credits

Federal Tax Withheld ($)

Tax Credits ($)

Number of Dependents

Tax Calculation Results

Taxable Income: $0

Federal Tax Liability: $0

Effective Tax Rate: 0%

Marginal Tax Rate: 0%

                                    Refund / Amount Owed:
                                    $0
                                

Tax Brackets Applied

Complete the form above to see which tax brackets were applied to your income.

Comparison with Previous Year

Complete the form above to see how your current tax situation compares to previous years.

Tax Planning Tips

Complete the form above to receive personalized tax planning recommendations.

Understanding Income Tax

Federal income tax is progressive, meaning higher income levels are taxed at higher rates. Understanding how tax brackets work can help you plan better.

Key Concepts:

Marginal Tax Rate: The rate applied to your last dollar of income
Effective Tax Rate: Your average tax rate across all income
Taxable Income: After deductions and exemptions
Tax Credits: Direct reduction of tax liability

2025 Standard Deductions:

Single: $15,000
Married Filing Jointly: $30,000
Married Filing Separately: $15,000
Head of Household: $22,500

2025 Tax Brackets (Single):

10%: Up to $11,925
12%: $11,926 - $48,475
22%: $48,476 - $103,350
24%: $103,351 - $197,300
32%: $197,301 - $250,525
35%: $250,526 - $626,350
37%: $626,351+

Brackets vary by filing status. Calculator includes all 2023-2025 rates.

Common Deductions:

Mortgage interest
State and local taxes (up to $10,000)
Charitable contributions
Medical expenses (over 7.5% of AGI)

Tax Calculation

Tax = (Taxable Income × Bracket Rate) - Base Amount

Tax is calculated progressively on income within each bracket.

Tax Planning Tips:

Contribute to retirement accounts to reduce taxable income
Consider tax-loss harvesting for investments
Maximize available tax credits
Adjust withholding to avoid large refunds or payments
Consider timing of income and deductions

Disclaimer

This calculator provides estimates only. Tax laws are complex and subject to change. Consult with a tax professional for personalized advice.